Over the course of the month, participants spent one week with no interventions, one week with only internal interventions, one week with only external interventions and one week with both. The researchers divided the strategies into two categories: changes within the app's design (internal interventions) and broader changes that mimicked the lockout mechanisms and timers that are available to users now (external interventions). In addition to receiving the dissociation survey while using Chirp, users experienced different intervention strategies. Seven described experiencing dissociation while using Chirp. After the month, the researchers did in-depth interviews with 11 participants. Over the course of the month, 42% of participants (18 people) agreed or strongly agreed with that statement at least once. "It captured the experience of being really absorbed and not paying attention to what's around you, or of scrolling on your phone without paying attention to what you're doing." "We used their rating as a way to measure dissociation," Baughan said. For each session, after three minutes users would see a dialog box asking them to rate on a scale from one to five how much they agreed with this statement: "I am currently using Chirp without really paying attention to what I am doing." The dialog box continued to pop up every 15 minutes. Researchers asked 43 Twitter users from across the U.S. "How does a user's experience with this redesigned app compare to their experience with the status quo in digital well-being design, that is, adding an outside lockout mechanism or timer to police their usage?" "One of the questions we had was: What happens if we rebuild a social media platform so that it continues to offer what people like about it, but it is designed with an explicit goal of keeping the user in control of their time and attention?" said senior author Alexis Hiniker, an assistant professor in the UW Information School. Through Chirp, users' likes and tweets appear on the real social media platform, but researchers can control people's experience, adding new features or quick pop-up surveys. The team designed and built an app called Chirp, which was connected to participants' Twitter accounts. So once you exit dissociation there's sometimes this feeling of 'How did I get here?' It's like when people on social media realize, 'Oh my gosh, how did 30 minutes go by? I just meant to check one notification.'" "But people only realize that they've dissociated in hindsight. "Dissociation is defined by being completely absorbed in whatever it is you're doing," Baughan said.
There are multiple types of dissociation, including trauma-based dissociation and the everyday dissociation associated with spacing out or focusing intently on a task.īaughan first got the idea to study everyday dissociation and social media use during the early days of the COVID-19 lockdown, when people were describing how much they were getting sucked into spending time on their phones. Instead of: 'I should be able to have more self-control,' it's more like, 'We all naturally dissociate in many ways throughout our day-whether it's daydreaming or scrolling through Instagram, we stop paying attention to what's happening around us.'" "One of the things I like about this framing of 'dissociation' rather than 'addiction' is that it changes the narrative. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering. "I think people experience a lot of shame around social media use," said lead author Amanda Baughan, a UW doctoral student in the Paul G.
The group presented the project May 3 at the CHI 2022 conference in New Orleans. Researchers also designed intervention strategies that social media platforms could use to help people retain more control over their online experiences. The team watched how participants interacted with a Twitter-like platform to show that some people are spacing out while they're scrolling. Researchers at the University of Washington wondered if people enter a similar state of dissociation when surfing social media, and if that explains why users might feel out of control after spending so much time on their favorite app.
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